Women in this Indian region, south of Nepal and north of the Ganges planes, have been decorating their homes during communal rituals for hundreds of years using twigs for brushes and making pigment from clay, berries and dung. The most skilled artists outlines the principle figures, and younger girls fill-in the details. The Ethnic Arts Foundation writes, "These paintings, inside their homes, on t
he internal and external walls of their compounds, and on the ground inside or around their homes, create sacred, protective, and auspicious spaces for their families and their rituals." Financially poor, these folks are heavily dependent on agriculture, leaving them vulnerable to droughts and floods. During an extreme drought in the 1960s, outsiders introduced paper to the community and encouraged local artists to expand their work to that medium, making their art transferable/sellable and providing them a weather-resistant source of income. Unlike the collaborative approach used to decorate structures, each Mithila painting on paper is created by a single artist. In 2003, the Mithila Art Institute was established to school 25 local artists annually (including a few men) in traditional imagery and techniques. I'm not in a position to comment on the cultural impacts of personalizing the communal process for making art, but I will say that I find the work very satisfying. It reminds me of the Afghan war rugs that date back to the 1980s.)
