SPM Computer, mankapur, Nagpur (2026)

05/04/2019

WIRELESS ELECTRONIC NOTICE BOARD BY GSM WITH USER PROGRAMABLE NUMBER FEATURES

ABSTRACT:

Notice Board is primary thing in any institution / organization or public utility places like bus stations, railway stations and parks. But sticking various notices day-to-day is a difficult process. A separate person is required to take care of this notices display. This project deals about an advanced hi-tech wireless notice board.
The main objective of the project is to develop a wireless notice board that displays notices when a message is sent from the users mobile. While the user sends the message from the mobile, it is received and retrieved by the GSM modem at the display unit. The desired number is auto saved on the microcontroller over a missed call. It is then sent to the microcontroller that further displays the notice sent from the user on to the electronic notice board which is equipped with a 16X2 LCD display. It uses a microcontroller from 8051 family.
The power supply consists of a step down transformer 230/12V, which steps down the voltage to 12V AC. This is converted to DC using a Bridge rectifier. The ripples are removed using a capacitive filter and it is then regulated to +5V using a voltage regulator 7805 which is required for the operation of the microcontroller and other components.

22/11/2018

RFID BASED SECURITY ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM

ABSTRACT

The main objective of this project is to provide security in an organization by allowing only the authorized personnel to access the secure area. The security of any organization is a priority for the authorities. The concern is for the physical property and also for the intellectual property. For this reason only the authorized person with a valid RFID tag is allowed into the secured premises.
This tag contains an integrated circuit that is used for storing and processing information, modulating and demodulating the radio frequency signal that is being transmitted. Thus, once the person shows the RFID tag to the card reader it scans the data present in the tag and compares it with the data present in the microcontroller. When the data matches with that in the microcontroller, the load will be turned ON which is operated by a relay being driven from the output of the microcontroller. If a valid tag is swiped then the system displays a message “AUTHORIZED” else it states “UNAUTHORIZED” and doesn’t allow access. A lamp is used as an indication besides the LCD display.
This project can be further enhanced by interfacing it with GSM technology. Any attempt for unauthorized access can be intimated to the security personnel through an SMS. It can also be interfaced with a finger print module to reduce the drawback of RFID system i.e. exchanging RFID tags.

26/10/2018

SMOOTH START OF A SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

ABSTRACT

The project is designed to provide protection to induction motor, by applying voltage gradually from low to high for smooth start. Induction motor during the initial starting condition takes up much larger current than its capacity. This leads to motor instantly catching the speed resulting in high mechanical stress and also causing some damage to the motor windings. Sometimes the windings may also get burnt. Smooth start to the induction motor is based on the SCR firing angle control principle.
This project consists of a two anti-parallel SCR’s connected in series with an induction motor to the supply. At the time of start the firing angle is heavily delayed by received delayed pulses from an operational amplifier. The op-amp operates in comparator mode which compares zero voltage pulses to develop a saw-tooth voltage. This waveform is further compared against a varying voltage by charging and discharging of the capacitor to develop delayed pulses for triggering the SCRs. A lamp is provided in this project in place of an induction motor for demonstration purpose.
Further the project can be enhanced by using six SCRs, two connected in back to back for each phase.

17/09/2018

AUTO SELECTION OF ANY AVAILABLE PHASE, IN 3 PHASE SUPPLY SYSTEM

ABSTRACT

The project is designed to provide uninterrupted AC mains supply i.e., 230 volt to a single phase load. This is achieved by automatic changeover of the load from the missing phase to the next available phase in a 3 phase system.
It is often noticed that power interruption in distribution system is about 70% for single phase faults while other two phases are in normal condition. Thus, in any commercial or domestic power supply system where 3 phase is available, it is advisable to have an automatic changeover system for uninterrupted power to critical loads in the event of missing phase.
In this system auto selection is achieved by using a set of relays interconnected in such a way that if one of the relay feeding to the load remains energized always. Under the phase failure condition the corresponding step down transformer secondary delivers zero voltage which is duly rectified to DC and then fed to the logic gates comprising of AND & OR to switch on the next relay that delivers the power to the load. It also has a provision of connecting to an inverter source which delivers uninterrupted power to the load incase all the 3 phases go missing. The project is supplied with three transformers connected to the 3 phases supply.
Further the project can be enhanced by incorporating power semiconductor devices such as thyristors/IGBTs for instantaneous changeover to the next available phase. This overcomes the drawback of the changeover time generally witnessed by relay switching operations.

21/07/2018

AUTOMATIC DUSK TO DAWN (EVENING ON TO MORNING OFF)

ABSTRACT
The main objective of this project is to design a system where light will remain on only from dusk to dawn.
As per–unit electricity cost is very high these days, so it is advisable to judiciously use electricity. Places like colleges, housing complexes, highways, industries and parks spread across large area where more light is required during night. This system provides a solution for these places, as dusk to dawn system the lights will be automatically on at dusk and switch off at dawn. Thus, saving energy and money also human intervention is also eliminated.
This system is based on an LDR, it senses the change in intensity of light and its output changes accordingly. The output of the LDR is fed to a 555 timer in astable mode, which switches on light during dusk and switches off at dawn. 555 timer controls the load through a TRIAC.

20/07/2018

IR OBSTACLE DETECTION TO ACTUATE LOAD

ABSTRACT

The project is designed to actuate a load when IR rays are interrupted by any object. This is helpful in industries for sensing movement of material in a conveyor belt for any action to be taken.
The project uses 38 KHz IR signal generated feeding an IR diode which is received by tuned IR receiver. These IR sensors are interfaced to a microcontroller of 8051. The IR transmitter continuously transmits rays over the receiver and when these rays are blocked by any object an interrupt is sent to the microcontroller. The microcontroller according to program written performs the desired action. A lamp is used as load in this project for demonstration purpose. This lamp is actuated by a relay which is interfaced to the microcontroller output. So when the interrupt is sent to the controller, it in turn switches ON the relay to actuate the load.
Further the project can be enhanced by using a counting arrangement with a display. This arrangement will be helpful in manufacturing industries where keeping a total count of production is required.

17/07/2018

MAINS OPERATED LED LIGHT

ABSTRACT

The project is designed to operate a string of LEDs from 230V AC supply. LED lights are the future of lighting, because of their low energy consumption and long life. They are slowly replacing conventional lights world over.
LEDs require DC supply to operate. In this project AC is converted to DC by a rectifier. A string of LED’s are connected in series parallel combination through series capacitor and a rectifier to convert the AC to DC. It is thus made to operate at 230V AC. The series capacitor is used to reduce the voltage while the resistor is used to limit the starting current .The voltage is then rectified to DC for maintaining a safe operating voltage for the LEDs. Numbers of LEDs are used to give adequate illumination from ac supply. Since a large voltage is dropped by a series element in between the supply and the load, the resistor value is deliberately kept low to minimize the power loss. White LEDs are preferred to be used as they deliver bright light.

17/06/2018

SPEED CHECKER TO DETECT RASH DRIVING ON HIGHWAYS

ABSTRACT
The aim of this project is to develop a device to detect rash driving on highways and to alert the traffic authorities in case of any speed violation. Accidents due to rash driving on highways are on the rise and people are losing their lives because of others mistakes. In the present system, to detect rash driving the police has to use a handheld radar gun and aim at the vehicle to record its speed. If the speed of the vehicle exceeds the speed limit, nearest police station is informed to stop the speeding vehicle. This is an ineffective process as after detecting one has to inform the same and a lot of time is wasted.
The proposed system will check on rash driving by calculating the speed of a vehicle using the time taken to travel between the two set points at a fixed distance. A set point consists of a pair of sensors comprising of an IR transmitter and an IR receiver, each of which are installed on either sides of the road. The speed limit is set by the police who use the system depending upon the traffic at the very location. The time taken by the vehicle to travel from one set point to the other is calculated by control circuit. Based on that time it then calculates the speed and displays that on seven segment displays. Moreover if the vehicle crosses the speed limit, a buzzer sounds alerting the police.
This concept can be extended in future by integrating a camera with the system which could capture the image of the number plate of the vehicle to sends that to the traffic authorities.

15/06/2018

HIGH VOLTAGE DC BY MARX GENERATOR
PRINCIPLES

ABSTRACT

The project is designed to generate high voltage DC using Marx generator principle by using MOSFET and capacitor stacks. The Marx Principle was developed by Erwin Otto Marx. Its principle is to generate a high voltage pulse using a number of capacitors in parallel to charge up during the on time and then connected in series to develop higher voltage during the off period. This principle is used to generate voltages in the range of KV’s in real-time for testing the insulation of the electronic appliances like transformers and the insulation of the power carrying lines.
This demo project consists of 4 stages and each stage is made of one MOSFET, two diodes, and one capacitor. MOSFET is used as a switch; diodes are used to charge the capacitor at each stage without power loss. A 555 timer generates pulses for the capacitors to charge in parallel during ON time. During OFF tine of the pulses the capacitors are brought in series with the help of MOSFET switches. Finally, number of capacitors used in series (4 in our project) adds up the voltage to approximately 3 (4 capacitors-1 capacitor) times the supply voltage. This system structure gives compactness and easiness to implement the total system from a DC supply of 12V to get approximately (30V-36V)
This concept in future can be extended to Generate High voltages (KV) using more number of capacitors. This technique is adopted for insulation testing of the electronic components, wires, gadgets etc.

22/03/2018

Portable Programmable Medication Reminder

Digital health monitoring system is one of the most advanced upcoming technologies in medical field. It gives a more feasible way to cure any patient. The whole health monitoring as well monitoring of the treatment can be done in a digital way to provide a more convenient and quicker way of getting cured. Often most of the treatment methods involve the patient to take medicines at time. The treatment may get affected incase the medicines are not taken at time. One of the way to prevent this and make sure that right the medicines are taken at right time, is by using a digital monitoring system which can give a reminder at the set time.
Here we have designed one such system where the medicine time is stored in the microcontroller and at the set time buzzer sound rings along with a reminder message, which is displayed. The microcontroller keeps track of the time through a RTC interfaced to it. An RTC or real time clock is a battery backup clock module which consists of a crystal oscillator providing an oscillating output at a set frequency, which is converted to digital pulses using an analog to digital converter. It keeps a track of the time in terms of seconds, minutes and hours, day, month and year. It contains a memory which stores the current time and date.
This embedded system can be used by any patient who can store the time for each medicine and even if he/she forgets to take the medicine, the alarm rings at that particular time along with the display of the medicine time to remind the person that the particular medicine is to be taken.
OUTPUT VIDEO & EXPLANATION
The whole system is powered using a battery. When the system is switched on, the display interfaced to the microcontroller gives the instruction to enter the time. The time is entered by pressing the buttons on the keypad interfaced to the microcontroller. Once the time is entered, we move to the next instruction by pressing the number ‘0’ twice. Next the display shows instruction to enter the date and then the time for each medicine. The data is stored by pressing the # button.
In the time gap between the present time to the set time for medicine, the display shows a welcome message. At the moment the set time for medicine is reached, the buzzer starts ringing and the display shows the reminder message along with the name of the medicine.

12/03/2018

DISTANCE MEASUREMENT BY ULTRASONIC SENSOR
ABSTRACT

The project is designed to measure the distance of any object by using an ultrasonic transducer. Ultrasonic means of distance measurement is a convenient method compared to traditional one using measurement scales. This kind of measurement is particularly applicable to inaccessible areas where traditional means cannot be implemented such as high temperature, pressure zones etc.
This proposed system uses an ultrasonic module interfaced to a microcontroller of 8051 family. An ultrasonic transducer comprising of a transmitter and receiver are used for the project. The transmitted waves are reflected back from the object and received by the transducer again. The total time taken from sending the waves to receiving it is calculated by taking into consideration the velocity of sound. Then the distance is calculated by a program running on the microcontroller and displayed on an LCD screen interfaced to the microcontroller. The ultrasonic sensor produces 40 kHz sound waves.
Further the project can be enhanced by using high frequency transducers to make is fit for medical applications like ultrasound machine.

03/02/2018

DISTANCE MEASUREMENT BY ULTRASONIC SENSOR

ABSTRACT

The project is designed to measure the distance of any object by using an ultrasonic transducer. Ultrasonic means of distance measurement is a convenient method compared to traditional one using measurement scales. This kind of measurement is particularly applicable to inaccessible areas where traditional means cannot be implemented such as high temperature, pressure zones etc.
This proposed system uses an ultrasonic module interfaced to a microcontroller of 8051 family. An ultrasonic transducer comprising of a transmitter and receiver are used for the project. The transmitted waves are reflected back from the object and received by the transducer again. The total time taken from sending the waves to receiving it is calculated by taking into consideration the velocity of sound. Then the distance is calculated by a program running on the microcontroller and displayed on an LCD screen interfaced to the microcontroller. The ultrasonic sensor produces 40 kHz sound waves.
Further the project can be enhanced by using high frequency transducers to make is fit for medical applications like ultrasound machine.

SPM Computer

05/04/2019

22/11/2018

26/10/2018

17/09/2018

21/07/2018

20/07/2018

17/07/2018

17/06/2018

15/06/2018

22/03/2018

12/03/2018

03/02/2018

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